Hidrocefalus – prikaz slučaja
Prikaz slučaja
Mirjana Ćuprić, Mirjana Veljović, Ana Aničić, Mile Despotović, Jelena Milojković, Ivan Stojković, Ana Adamović
69–74
https://doi.org/10.5937/medrec2402069C
Apstrakt
Hidrocefalus je patološko stanje sa mnogim varijacijama, koje se uvek karakteriše povećanjem cerebrospinalne tečnosti, koja jeste ili je bila pod povećanim pritiskom, a može se javiti u bilo kom uzrastu. Prezentuje se kao različita neurološka i psihijatrijska stanja. Najvažniji simptomi kod odraslih osoba su: vrtoglavica, kognitivni pad, demencija, apraksija hoda, problemi sa kontrolom bešike.
U ovom radu prikazan je slučaj starije osobe sa hidrocefalusom. Pacijent muškog pola, starosti 74 godine, javio se lekaru Doma zdravlja zbog vrtoglavica, nestabilnosti pri hodu i nesigurnosti pri penjanju uz stepenice. Prisutna je i zaboravnost, loša koncentracija, slabija kontrola mokrenja. Orijentacioni neurološki pregled pokazao je: hod na širokoj osnovi, sa pozitivnim Rombergovim znakom pri zatvorenim očima. Upućen je neurologu sa upitnom dijagnozom vertiginozni sindrom R42.0. Nakon neurološkog i radioloških pregleda potvrđena je dijagnoza komunikantnog, normotenzivnog hidrocefalusa i pacijent je operisan neurohirurškom intervencijom.
Terapijski pristup ovom stanju, u zavisnosti od uzrasta, kliničkog nalaza i komorbiditeta, određuje se individualno za svakog pacijenta. Hirurgija zauzima glavno mesto u terapiji, jer se ugradnjom šanta, postiže brza redukcija simptoma.
Uloga izabranog lekara je da, na osnovu anamnestičkih podataka, kliničkog pregleda shodno dijagnostičkom algoritmu, sprovede sve aspekte lečenja i nege, kako bi bio unapređen funkcionalni status i kvalitet života ovih pacijenata i njihovih porodica.
Ključne reči: normotenzivni hidrocefalus, ventrikuloperitonealni šant, dilatacija lateralnih komora, intrakranijalni pritisak
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